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Friday, January 29, 2010
Joseph and His Coat of Many Nations; Part One
How Yuya Tushratta became the Father of Israel
Part One of Three Part Blog Series
by Yuya Joe College
Classic punk rockers and Canadiana rock music fans from the early 80s may still call me Joe College, but I sang and recorded as Jah Lifeguard during most of the 1990s. Friends and musicians often ask how I came to be called Yuya, and my usual answer is that Yuya is the original form of Joseph's name back in Egypt, and before there was Yusuf or Yosef, there was Yuya, advisor to several key Pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty. As my birth name is Joseph, utilizing the original form of the name to promote my singing and songwriting seemed natural. When I first mentioned to my daughter Rebecca that I was thinking of changing my stage name to Yuya, she immediately replied: "You ARE a Yuya!"
Many people have wondered who Joseph of the Old Testament was, and in recent years significant research (primarily by Charles Pope of http://www.domainofman.com/ ) has linked him to this same Yuya, Vizier of the 18th Dynasty Egypt, and placed Yuya's son Aye as the most logical Ephraim. I am not claiming that the entire character of the main Joseph in the Old Testament is Yuya, as previous Egyptian Dynasties, plus Mesopotamian and other societies, had their own "Joseph" figures. Still, the bulk of Joseph's character and accomplishments are based on the achievements of Yuya, though presented under many other names in addition to Yuya, including Omri, Reuel and more.
The first two prominent Josephs in recorded history (the role likely goes back much further) are Imhotep, our globe's first master-architect and builder of a major pyramid at Saqqara, who was Vizier of Egypt and Chief Minister to Pharaoh Djoser of the 3rd Dynasty, and Inyotef IV, father of Wa-ibre / Hammurabi (Moses I / Musa I) during the 13th Dynasty, Hammurabi being the first Moses to lead his people out of Egypt. Early Josephs built pyramids, later Josephs constructed canals and created Temples.
If you read the foundational material on the http://www.domainofman.com/ website, you can learn about the Biblical identities of most 18th Dynasty luminaries, and in addition to being the father of Aye / Ephraim (adoptive) and Aanen / Manasseh (biological), Yuya may also have been the bio-dad of Amenhotep III / Solomon / Salman / Salim, and Akhenaten / Amenhotep IV / Moses / Musa, due to fertility problems caused by generations of royal inbreeding among the Egyptian Monarchs. Some healthy doses of Mitanni / Midian / Middle Earth / Assyrian bloodlines were perceived as highly beneficial, and in addition to providing daughters, Yuya / Joseph was willing to step in and sire the next generation of Princes and Kings, whenever required. Even if you find that idea far-fetched (remember, in that era, even son-mother, brother-sister and father-daughter relationships were practiced among the "Gods", noble royalty), there is no doubting that Yuya Joseph was the spiritual father and guide to these Pharaohs.
Charles Pope has done extensive research on the Egyptian and Greek identities of major Biblical figures, and his pioneering work also draws on the breakthrough research by Ahmed Osman, David Rohl and Robert Eisenman, all 3 of whom I also find incredibly valuable sources. Still, many mysteries remained, such as how did Yuya Joseph's sons Ephraim and Manasseh become so prominent in the areas north of Jerusalem, and why do Yuya and his son Aanen not appear much in Egyptian writings, artwork and paintings?
The solution has been found!!! Yuya (Joseph of Old T) also had an Eastern identity, that of Ashurnasirpal, aka Tushratta, Abdi-Ashratu etc. Just as in 1st Century Rome when "Senators" may have seemed like politicians in the Roman Empire's capitol but about half of them were in fact Kings of their own nations, representing the interests of their peoples and land, so would it have been in the 18th Dynasty of Egypt. Many of the key advisors to Pharaoh would have been responsible for significant territory of their own, and none held greater or more important lands than Mitanni King Tushratta, Our Yuya Abdi-Ashratu.
The California Institute for Ancient Studies (http://www.specialtyinterests.net/) has made a clear case for Yuya being Ashurnasirpal, but as they seem unaware that Yuya is also the primary source for Joseph of the OT, they didn't follow their conclusion through to see how the progeny stack up, and the fact is they stack very tightly. Ashurnasirpal IS the Eastern identity of Yuya Joseph, and his son Shalmaneser IV is Manasseh. For now, compare Shaul Manasseh to Shalmaneser ("Shumani is Foremost", Shumani or Shulmani being the god of health and vitality), and I'll break it down further for you below. Additionally, Aanen (Manasseh) was High Priest of Amun, the "hidden God," explaining why he wasn't around much and is rarely mentioned in Egyptian writings or shown in artwork, for he was ruling Assyria / Mtanni most of his adult life.
After confirming the veracity of the research from the California Institute for Ancient Studies website, my job was exploring the Eastern identity of Yuya to discover more information about his family, ancestors and descendants, and the past ten days have been a fascinating journey of inspiration and delight.
Here's the basic paternal bloodline of the Joseph who is most prominently remembered in the Old Testament:
Great-great-grandfather:
Terah / Tarakh / Shattuara / Parshatatar
Great-grandfather:
Abraham / Ibrahim / Wasashatta / Shaustatar
Grandfather:
Isaac / Artatama / Is-haq
Bilogical Father of BOTH:
Adoptive Father of Yuya / Joseph:
Jacob / Israel / Ya'qub / Amenhotep II / Shoshenq
and:
Biological Father of Yuya Joseph:
Esau / Ashur-rim-neshesu / Tab-rimmon / Shuttarna II
Names of Joseph / Yusuf / Yuya
Ashurnasirpal II (possibly also Ashurnasirpal I), aka Tushratta, Yuya, Joseph, Yusuf, Abishalom, Dushratta, Abdi-Ashratu, Abdi Ashirta, Abdi-Ashstarte, Omri, Khumry, Ghomri, Cymry, Reuel the Midianite, Imram, Amram, Imran, Jethbo, Bar Hadad, Ben Hadad, Uriel, Irhuleni, Nebat I, Ithobaal, Elkunirsa, Ashur-nadin-ahhe, Eriba-Adad II, Kadashman-Enlil
In a way it now seems that Egypt and Israel remember the wise, peaceful, constructive and loving Joseph, but a clear understanding of Joe's Eastern identity means that he had a fierce warrior side and that he earned the respect and admiration of Thutmose IV, Amenhotep III and Akhenaten by protecting the Northern and Eastern reaches of the empire; Mitanni / Assyria was Medea or Midian, Middle Earth, and peace with Min meant peace with the world.
Here's how Ashurnasirpal himself recounts one particularly nasty military victory:
The city (of Tello) was very strong; three walls surrounded it. The inhabitants trusted to their strong walls and numerous soldiers; they did not come down or embrace my feet. With battle and slaughter I assaulted and took the city. Three thousand warriors I slew in battle. Their booty and possessions, cattle, sheep, I carried away; many captives I burned with fire. Many of their soldiers I took alive; of some I cut off hands and limbs; of others the noses, ears, and arms; of many soldiers I put out the eyes. I reared a column of the living and a column of heads. I hung on high their heads on trees in the vicinity of their city. Their boys and girls I burned up in flames. I devastated the city, dug it up, in fire burned it; I annihilated it.
He had a divine side to him as well, and we'll explore that more in Parts Two and Three. Still, his men were known for skinning enemies alive and soon neighboring Kings sent advance parties ahead to greet him with gifts. Yuya fancied himself a slave to his wife Asherah / Ashratu, hence the name Abdi-Ashratu, a tongue-in-cheek reference to being married to the Queen of Heaven, the most powerful woman in the world, but he was primarily the best ally (and family member through significant intermarriage) the 18th Dynasty ever had.
There was an additional benefit of discovering the link between Asenath's Hebrew name and her Egyptian name, Tuya, which previously seemed difficult to connect. Now that we know Ashurnasirpal's wife was named Asherah / Ashratu, the Assyrian equivalent of Asenath, her four main names will henceforth be considered as Asenath / Asherah / Ashratu / Tuya.
Essentially, the reason Joseph's sons and grandsons dominate the northern Israel lands is because Joseph, Manasseh and Machir (Shamshi-Adad V) were all Assyrian kings who had tremendous backing from the 18th Dynasty, with whom they intermarried and exchanged daughters and other women, in addition to gold, horses, chariots, artisans and architects. Yuya Joseph (Tushratta) was a fierce ally of the Egyptian royals, defending the Eastern and Northern reaches of the empire and ensuring peace in the heartland, with Thebes and Akhetaten being made virtually invulnerable due to this family and military alliance. Judea and Samaria became the core of the new Holy Lands, and the Canaanites were absorbed into something bigger, as the lands were held and expanded.
The area south of Jerusalem was claimed by the tribes returning from Egypt, that is Simon and Judah with Benjamin covering the northern entrances to the Holy City. At that time all of the land north of Benjamin and Judah, between the Jordan and the Mediterranean, right up to Megiddo and beyond to Mount Carmel, was provided for Joseph's sons Ephraim and Manasseh. Ephraim is the southern portion representing the alliance with Judah / House of David, Aye's prominence in Egypt, his biologically Davidic patriarchal line and Yuya's accomplishments in Thebes and Akhetaten. Manasseh receives the northern lands and the bulk of the coastline as he (Shalmaneser IV) carried on his father's drive to gain coastal lands, and he and his sons held them for the family and their allies once Canaan was conquered. As a New York University study found, Jews and Palestinians have very similar genes, and comprehending the paternal and maternal lines (especially in the forthcoming Queens of the Ninth Century BC article)presented in this poste will help you understand exactly how this came to be.
Although Joseph is credited with two sons, Ephraim and Maasseh, the former was Aye, an adoptive son who was biologically a Son of David, from the Tribe of Judah, but Yuya is remembered as being even more fruitful. In addition to Manasseh, Yusuf / Joseph was biological father of Solomon / Salman (Amenhotep III) and Moses II / Musa (Akhenaten, the Sun King).
As the story of how Yuya came to be father of both Amenhotep III and Akhenaten is well told on http://www.domainofman.com/, and as Aye / Ephraim's progeny are also abundantly presented there, my three part blog series will focus on Joseph's son Manasseh, also known as Shalmaneser III and Aanen.
Though Joseph's son Ephraim was blessed by many sons who ruled Israel and Judah for generations, and protected the heartland from Egyptian / Libyan encursion, Manasseh provided one strong line that continued to control Assyria for centuries and protected Jerusalem and the Twelve Tribes from assaults originating in the East and often provided a Northern buffer also.
This is the primary male descendants line (First Draft) of the final major manifestation of Manasseh:
Yuya, Joseph, Yusuf, Asurnasirpal, Abdi-Ashratu
Father of:
Aanen, Aaron, Manasseh, Shalmaneser III, Shammai
Father of:
Machir, Shamashi-Adad V, Eshek, Nadab
Father of:
Adad-Nirari III, Gilead, Ulam, Appaim
Father of:
Tilglath-Pileser III/ Tilgath-Pilneser III / Takelot III (Ishi / Shabaka / Pul / Pulu)
and
Ashur-Dan II (Bedan)
and:
Shalmaneser IV (Abiezer, Shemida)
Tilglath-Pileser III/ Tilgath-Pilneser III / Takelot III / Ishi
Father of:
Shalmaneser V ( Osorkon IV)
and:
Piye / Sargon II / Menelaus
Piye / Sargon II / Menelaus m Aramaen Queen Naqui'a / Zakitu
Father and mother of:
Sennacherib
Father of:
Esarhaddon
and:
Ashur-nadin-shumi
Esarhaddon
Father of:
Ashurbanipal / Asenappar / Sardanapalus
and:
Shamash-shum-ukin
Ashurbanipal / Asenappar / Sardanapalus
Father Twin Sons:
Sinshar-Iskin / Sarakos / Saracus
and:
Samal-lum-ukin
...and then came Babylon.
Keep in mind that a royal "son" is not always a biological son, but sometimes a nephew or younger cousin who seems best suited for leadership; the favour is expected to be returned, with the next appointment coming back to the earlier branch of the family, so the chain goes on and the Middle Earth royal family continued to rule Egypt, Mesopotamia, Israel (whose early Kings were mostly descendants of Aye / Ephraim), Judah, Assyria, Babylon, Persia, Greek and Rome, regardless of where the current capitol was situated.
To be continued...
Part One of Three Part Blog Series
by Yuya Joe College
Classic punk rockers and Canadiana rock music fans from the early 80s may still call me Joe College, but I sang and recorded as Jah Lifeguard during most of the 1990s. Friends and musicians often ask how I came to be called Yuya, and my usual answer is that Yuya is the original form of Joseph's name back in Egypt, and before there was Yusuf or Yosef, there was Yuya, advisor to several key Pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty. As my birth name is Joseph, utilizing the original form of the name to promote my singing and songwriting seemed natural. When I first mentioned to my daughter Rebecca that I was thinking of changing my stage name to Yuya, she immediately replied: "You ARE a Yuya!"
Many people have wondered who Joseph of the Old Testament was, and in recent years significant research (primarily by Charles Pope of http://www.domainofman.com/ ) has linked him to this same Yuya, Vizier of the 18th Dynasty Egypt, and placed Yuya's son Aye as the most logical Ephraim. I am not claiming that the entire character of the main Joseph in the Old Testament is Yuya, as previous Egyptian Dynasties, plus Mesopotamian and other societies, had their own "Joseph" figures. Still, the bulk of Joseph's character and accomplishments are based on the achievements of Yuya, though presented under many other names in addition to Yuya, including Omri, Reuel and more.
The first two prominent Josephs in recorded history (the role likely goes back much further) are Imhotep, our globe's first master-architect and builder of a major pyramid at Saqqara, who was Vizier of Egypt and Chief Minister to Pharaoh Djoser of the 3rd Dynasty, and Inyotef IV, father of Wa-ibre / Hammurabi (Moses I / Musa I) during the 13th Dynasty, Hammurabi being the first Moses to lead his people out of Egypt. Early Josephs built pyramids, later Josephs constructed canals and created Temples.
If you read the foundational material on the http://www.domainofman.com/ website, you can learn about the Biblical identities of most 18th Dynasty luminaries, and in addition to being the father of Aye / Ephraim (adoptive) and Aanen / Manasseh (biological), Yuya may also have been the bio-dad of Amenhotep III / Solomon / Salman / Salim, and Akhenaten / Amenhotep IV / Moses / Musa, due to fertility problems caused by generations of royal inbreeding among the Egyptian Monarchs. Some healthy doses of Mitanni / Midian / Middle Earth / Assyrian bloodlines were perceived as highly beneficial, and in addition to providing daughters, Yuya / Joseph was willing to step in and sire the next generation of Princes and Kings, whenever required. Even if you find that idea far-fetched (remember, in that era, even son-mother, brother-sister and father-daughter relationships were practiced among the "Gods", noble royalty), there is no doubting that Yuya Joseph was the spiritual father and guide to these Pharaohs.
Charles Pope has done extensive research on the Egyptian and Greek identities of major Biblical figures, and his pioneering work also draws on the breakthrough research by Ahmed Osman, David Rohl and Robert Eisenman, all 3 of whom I also find incredibly valuable sources. Still, many mysteries remained, such as how did Yuya Joseph's sons Ephraim and Manasseh become so prominent in the areas north of Jerusalem, and why do Yuya and his son Aanen not appear much in Egyptian writings, artwork and paintings?
The solution has been found!!! Yuya (Joseph of Old T) also had an Eastern identity, that of Ashurnasirpal, aka Tushratta, Abdi-Ashratu etc. Just as in 1st Century Rome when "Senators" may have seemed like politicians in the Roman Empire's capitol but about half of them were in fact Kings of their own nations, representing the interests of their peoples and land, so would it have been in the 18th Dynasty of Egypt. Many of the key advisors to Pharaoh would have been responsible for significant territory of their own, and none held greater or more important lands than Mitanni King Tushratta, Our Yuya Abdi-Ashratu.
The California Institute for Ancient Studies (http://www.specialtyinterests.net/) has made a clear case for Yuya being Ashurnasirpal, but as they seem unaware that Yuya is also the primary source for Joseph of the OT, they didn't follow their conclusion through to see how the progeny stack up, and the fact is they stack very tightly. Ashurnasirpal IS the Eastern identity of Yuya Joseph, and his son Shalmaneser IV is Manasseh. For now, compare Shaul Manasseh to Shalmaneser ("Shumani is Foremost", Shumani or Shulmani being the god of health and vitality), and I'll break it down further for you below. Additionally, Aanen (Manasseh) was High Priest of Amun, the "hidden God," explaining why he wasn't around much and is rarely mentioned in Egyptian writings or shown in artwork, for he was ruling Assyria / Mtanni most of his adult life.
After confirming the veracity of the research from the California Institute for Ancient Studies website, my job was exploring the Eastern identity of Yuya to discover more information about his family, ancestors and descendants, and the past ten days have been a fascinating journey of inspiration and delight.
Here's the basic paternal bloodline of the Joseph who is most prominently remembered in the Old Testament:
Great-great-grandfather:
Terah / Tarakh / Shattuara / Parshatatar
Great-grandfather:
Abraham / Ibrahim / Wasashatta / Shaustatar
Grandfather:
Isaac / Artatama / Is-haq
Bilogical Father of BOTH:
Adoptive Father of Yuya / Joseph:
Jacob / Israel / Ya'qub / Amenhotep II / Shoshenq
and:
Biological Father of Yuya Joseph:
Esau / Ashur-rim-neshesu / Tab-rimmon / Shuttarna II
Names of Joseph / Yusuf / Yuya
Ashurnasirpal II (possibly also Ashurnasirpal I), aka Tushratta, Yuya, Joseph, Yusuf, Abishalom, Dushratta, Abdi-Ashratu, Abdi Ashirta, Abdi-Ashstarte, Omri, Khumry, Ghomri, Cymry, Reuel the Midianite, Imram, Amram, Imran, Jethbo, Bar Hadad, Ben Hadad, Uriel, Irhuleni, Nebat I, Ithobaal, Elkunirsa, Ashur-nadin-ahhe, Eriba-Adad II, Kadashman-Enlil
In a way it now seems that Egypt and Israel remember the wise, peaceful, constructive and loving Joseph, but a clear understanding of Joe's Eastern identity means that he had a fierce warrior side and that he earned the respect and admiration of Thutmose IV, Amenhotep III and Akhenaten by protecting the Northern and Eastern reaches of the empire; Mitanni / Assyria was Medea or Midian, Middle Earth, and peace with Min meant peace with the world.
Here's how Ashurnasirpal himself recounts one particularly nasty military victory:
The city (of Tello) was very strong; three walls surrounded it. The inhabitants trusted to their strong walls and numerous soldiers; they did not come down or embrace my feet. With battle and slaughter I assaulted and took the city. Three thousand warriors I slew in battle. Their booty and possessions, cattle, sheep, I carried away; many captives I burned with fire. Many of their soldiers I took alive; of some I cut off hands and limbs; of others the noses, ears, and arms; of many soldiers I put out the eyes. I reared a column of the living and a column of heads. I hung on high their heads on trees in the vicinity of their city. Their boys and girls I burned up in flames. I devastated the city, dug it up, in fire burned it; I annihilated it.
He had a divine side to him as well, and we'll explore that more in Parts Two and Three. Still, his men were known for skinning enemies alive and soon neighboring Kings sent advance parties ahead to greet him with gifts. Yuya fancied himself a slave to his wife Asherah / Ashratu, hence the name Abdi-Ashratu, a tongue-in-cheek reference to being married to the Queen of Heaven, the most powerful woman in the world, but he was primarily the best ally (and family member through significant intermarriage) the 18th Dynasty ever had.
There was an additional benefit of discovering the link between Asenath's Hebrew name and her Egyptian name, Tuya, which previously seemed difficult to connect. Now that we know Ashurnasirpal's wife was named Asherah / Ashratu, the Assyrian equivalent of Asenath, her four main names will henceforth be considered as Asenath / Asherah / Ashratu / Tuya.
Essentially, the reason Joseph's sons and grandsons dominate the northern Israel lands is because Joseph, Manasseh and Machir (Shamshi-Adad V) were all Assyrian kings who had tremendous backing from the 18th Dynasty, with whom they intermarried and exchanged daughters and other women, in addition to gold, horses, chariots, artisans and architects. Yuya Joseph (Tushratta) was a fierce ally of the Egyptian royals, defending the Eastern and Northern reaches of the empire and ensuring peace in the heartland, with Thebes and Akhetaten being made virtually invulnerable due to this family and military alliance. Judea and Samaria became the core of the new Holy Lands, and the Canaanites were absorbed into something bigger, as the lands were held and expanded.
The area south of Jerusalem was claimed by the tribes returning from Egypt, that is Simon and Judah with Benjamin covering the northern entrances to the Holy City. At that time all of the land north of Benjamin and Judah, between the Jordan and the Mediterranean, right up to Megiddo and beyond to Mount Carmel, was provided for Joseph's sons Ephraim and Manasseh. Ephraim is the southern portion representing the alliance with Judah / House of David, Aye's prominence in Egypt, his biologically Davidic patriarchal line and Yuya's accomplishments in Thebes and Akhetaten. Manasseh receives the northern lands and the bulk of the coastline as he (Shalmaneser IV) carried on his father's drive to gain coastal lands, and he and his sons held them for the family and their allies once Canaan was conquered. As a New York University study found, Jews and Palestinians have very similar genes, and comprehending the paternal and maternal lines (especially in the forthcoming Queens of the Ninth Century BC article)presented in this poste will help you understand exactly how this came to be.
Although Joseph is credited with two sons, Ephraim and Maasseh, the former was Aye, an adoptive son who was biologically a Son of David, from the Tribe of Judah, but Yuya is remembered as being even more fruitful. In addition to Manasseh, Yusuf / Joseph was biological father of Solomon / Salman (Amenhotep III) and Moses II / Musa (Akhenaten, the Sun King).
As the story of how Yuya came to be father of both Amenhotep III and Akhenaten is well told on http://www.domainofman.com/, and as Aye / Ephraim's progeny are also abundantly presented there, my three part blog series will focus on Joseph's son Manasseh, also known as Shalmaneser III and Aanen.
Though Joseph's son Ephraim was blessed by many sons who ruled Israel and Judah for generations, and protected the heartland from Egyptian / Libyan encursion, Manasseh provided one strong line that continued to control Assyria for centuries and protected Jerusalem and the Twelve Tribes from assaults originating in the East and often provided a Northern buffer also.
This is the primary male descendants line (First Draft) of the final major manifestation of Manasseh:
Yuya, Joseph, Yusuf, Asurnasirpal, Abdi-Ashratu
Father of:
Aanen, Aaron, Manasseh, Shalmaneser III, Shammai
Father of:
Machir, Shamashi-Adad V, Eshek, Nadab
Father of:
Adad-Nirari III, Gilead, Ulam, Appaim
Father of:
Tilglath-Pileser III/ Tilgath-Pilneser III / Takelot III (Ishi / Shabaka / Pul / Pulu)
and
Ashur-Dan II (Bedan)
and:
Shalmaneser IV (Abiezer, Shemida)
Tilglath-Pileser III/ Tilgath-Pilneser III / Takelot III / Ishi
Father of:
Shalmaneser V ( Osorkon IV)
and:
Piye / Sargon II / Menelaus
Piye / Sargon II / Menelaus m Aramaen Queen Naqui'a / Zakitu
Father and mother of:
Sennacherib
Father of:
Esarhaddon
and:
Ashur-nadin-shumi
Esarhaddon
Father of:
Ashurbanipal / Asenappar / Sardanapalus
and:
Shamash-shum-ukin
Ashurbanipal / Asenappar / Sardanapalus
Father Twin Sons:
Sinshar-Iskin / Sarakos / Saracus
and:
Samal-lum-ukin
...and then came Babylon.
Keep in mind that a royal "son" is not always a biological son, but sometimes a nephew or younger cousin who seems best suited for leadership; the favour is expected to be returned, with the next appointment coming back to the earlier branch of the family, so the chain goes on and the Middle Earth royal family continued to rule Egypt, Mesopotamia, Israel (whose early Kings were mostly descendants of Aye / Ephraim), Judah, Assyria, Babylon, Persia, Greek and Rome, regardless of where the current capitol was situated.
To be continued...
Monday, January 18, 2010
Further research into Eastern Identity of Yuya
If Yuya of Egypt (Joseph of the OT) is indeed Ashurnasirpal then that makes Shalmaneser III, his long-ruling son, a progeny of Joseph.
Consider Shalmeneser, related to the god Shulmanu; compare Men-es-er with Man-ass-eh. We will revisit Yuya Tushratta's 18th Dynasty connections for the historical identity of Ephraim. Another possibility is that Egypt and Mitanni each had their own Ephraim and Manessah, a twinning approach that was popular from well before this era right through to Hasmonean and Herodian times.
Sunday, January 17, 2010
New Chronology of the Dynasties of Ancient Egypt
Sculpture of Ashurnasirpal - Yuya Tushratta Bar Hadad
Ancient Egyptian Dynasties - Revised Chronology
1st Dynasty - Circa 2480 BC to 2290 BC
2nd Dynasty - Circa 2305 BC to 2115 BC
3rd Dynasty - Circa 2130 BC to 2020 BC
4th Dynasty - Circa 2020 BC to 1900 BC
5th Dynasty - Circa 1900 BC to 1740 BC
Sixth Dynasty - 1740 BC to 1620 BC
Seventh Dynasty - 1620 BC to 1590 BC
Eighth Dynasty - 1615 BC to 1580 BC
Ninth Dynasty - 1580 BC to 1495 BC
Tenth Dynasty - 1495 BC to 1420 BC
Eleventh Dynasty - 1420 BC to 1375 BC
12th Dynasty - 1385 BC to 1235 BC
13th Dynasty - 1235 BC to 1175 BC
14th Dynasty - 1190 BC to 1130 BC
15th and 16th (concurrent) Dynasty - c1145 BC to 1065 BC
17th Dynasty - c 1075 BC to c 1020 BC
18th Dynasty - c 1020 BC to 830 BC
19th Dynasty - 840 BC to 785 BC
20th Dynasty - 800 BC to 745 BC
21st Dynasty - 770 BC to 715 BC
22nd Dynasty - 760 BC to 705 BC
23rd Dynasty - 755 BC to 710 BC
24th Dynasty - 730 BC to 720 BC
25th Dynasty - 750 BC to 660 BC
26th Dynasty - 664 BC to 525 BC
27th Dynasty - 525 BC to 404 BC
28th Dynasty - 404 to 398 BC
29th Dynasty - 398 BC to 380 BC
30th Dynasty - 380 BC to 342 BC
31st Dynasty - 343 BC to 332 BC
The 31st Dynasty of Egypt was followed by the rise of Alexander the Great, and is considered the beginning of the Greco-Roman Period, when a series of Ptolemies ruled Egypt.
Below you will find a first attempt (hoping to expand this in coming weeks) at pegging the estimated birthdates of major luminaries within each ancient Dynasty of Egypt. For those new to research on the historical identities of Biblical figures through analysis of Egyptian and Persian royalty, a great place to start would be the pioneering work of Charles Pope on his Domain of Man website. The name associations in brackets are often solid but sometimes preliminary, and the reason that certain names (Joseph, David) repeat in different dynasties is that they are more than a name, they are a designated role, an archetype that the human honoured to receive the name is destined to fulfill.
A great place to find online research into Eastern, Syrian and Mitanni identities of Egyptian and Biblical figures is the SpecialtyInterests.net website of the California Institute for Ancient Studies.
Ancient Egyptian Dynasty Pharaohs and other major figures with their Biblical and Eastern identities in brackets:
1st Dynasty - Circa 2480 BC to 2290 BC
Djer Itit - 2470 BC
(Noah, Utnapishtim)
Semerkhet - 2410 BC
(Shem, Etana)
2nd Dynasty - Circa 2305 BC to 2115 BC
Hotepsekemwy - 2330 BC
(Ham, Lugalbanda)
Seth-Peribsen - 2315 BC
(Japheth / Put)
3rd Dynasty - Circa 2130 BC to 2020 BC
Djoser Netjerykhet - 2105 BC
(Mizraim, Meskiag-gasher, Labasher)
Aha Khaba - 2078 BC
(Cush, Scorpion, Agga, Zukakip)
Imhotep Hemiun - 2039 BC
Ra-Hotep, Joseph, Raamah, Madai, Mashda, Meshede, Ahura-Mazda)
4th Dynasty - Circa 2020 BC to 1900 BC
(Jacob, Sabtah, Tiras, Tizkar)
Khafre (Builder of Khafra) - 1986 BC
(Chephren, Judah, Dan, Ephraim, Ha-danish, Lugal-anda)
Djer Menkhaure (Builder of Menkaure) - 1960 BC
(Mycerinus, Mykerinos, Issachar, Benjamin, Meshech, Manasseh, Mesilim)
The Fourth Dynasty of Egypt is responsible for the construction of the largest of Egypt's 120 pyramids, those found on the Giza Plateau:
5th Dynasty - Circa 1900 BC to 1740 BC
Sahure Neb Khau - b 1921 BC
(Ashur, Ashur, Zerah, Ush, Cush, Ill-Shu, Illyrius)
Neferirkare Kakai - b 1900 BC
(Gad, Perez, Ur-Nanshe, Puzur-Nirah)
Shepsekare Ini - 1886 BC
(Shepsekaf Isi, Ishtar, Muti, Zebulun)
Unas - 1838 BC
Sixth Dynasty - 1740 BC to 1620 BC
Teti - b 1792 BC
(Shem, Akki, Uruk-agina)
- Oho! Oho! Rise up, O Teti!
- Take your head, collect your bones,
- Gather your limbs, shake the earth from your flesh!
- Take your bread that rots not, your beer that sours not,
- Stand at the gates that bar the common people!
- The gatekeeper comes out to you, he grasps your hand,
- Takes you into heaven, to you father Geb.
- He rejoices at your coming, gives you his hands,
- Kisses you, caresses you,
- Sets you before the spirits, the imperishable stars...
- The hidden ones worship you,
- The great ones surround you,
- The watchers wait on you,
- Barley is threshed for you,
- Emmer is reaped for you,
- Your monthly feasts are made with it,
- Your half-month feasts are made with it,
- As ordered done for you by Geb, your father,
- Rise up, O Teti, you shall not die!
From an afterlife prayer to Teti text carved during the early 6th Dynasty into an inner pyramid wall at Saqqara
Pepi Khety Akhtoy - 1765 BC
(Nefer- sa-Hor, Mery-Re, Jacob, Israel, Moses, E-annatum, Igigi)
Merenre Nemtyemzaf - 1762 BC
(Meferkamin Anu, Simon, Simeon, Entemena, Naram-Sin, Inyotef, Joseph)
Pepi II Neferkare - 1726 BC
(Ka-Nefer-Re, Judah, Issachar, Akhtoy II, Khendu, En annatum)
Seventh Dynasty - 1620 BC to 1590 BC
Neferkare Neby - b 1670 BC
Eighth Dynasty - 1615 BC to 1580 BC
NeferKhaure II - b 1635 BC
There was a major global climate catastrophe circa 1628 BC, setting Egyptian and Mesopotamian societies into an era of chaos and uncertainty that lasted for many decades, with the aftershocks requiring more close cooperation between the two dominant civilizations. Irrigation and food storage techniques were developed and shared, and the result was a quicker rebound from the 1159 BC disasters that came centuries later; man hadn't learned much, but something had been achieved...
Ninth Dynasty - 1580 BC to 1495 BC
Tenth Dynasty - 1495 BC to 1420 BC
Eleventh Dynasty - 1420 BC to 1375 BC
Mentuhotep II - b 1446 BC
(Levi, Seth, Joseph)
Inyotef Mentuhotep Sehertawy - b 1432 BC
( Gad, Joseph)
Inyotef Mentuhotep Sankhare Wahankh - b 1417 BC
Inyotef Mentuhotep Nebtawyre - b 1412 BC
(Enetarzi, Etana Shem, Shar-Kali-Sham)
12th Dynasty - 1385 BC to 1235 BC
Amenhemet I - b 1403 BC
(Enosh, Enoch)
Amenhemet III - 1312 BC
13th Dynasty - 1235 BC to 1175 BC
Wegaf - b 1276 BC
(Wegef, Zebulun)
Neferhotep - b 1219 BC
Wahibre Ibiau - b 1198 BC
Merneferre Ay - b 1181 BC
14th Dynasty - circa 1190 BC to 1130 BC
The fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt took the brunt of the global catastrophes brought on by the climate changing disruptions brought on by the 13th Cycle of Venus in 1159 BC, a date bracketed by the Transits of 1155BC and 1163 BC. Although Earth was again in turmoil, much had been learned from the previous calamity 469 years earlier, and the rebound took a few decades rather than a couple of centuries.
15th and 16th (concurrent) Dynasty - c1145 BC to 1065 BC
17th Dynasty - c 1075 BC to c 1020 BC
18th Dynasty - c 1020 BC to 830 BC
Ahmose - 1045 BC
Amenhotep I - 1025 BC
Thutmose I - 1015 BC
Thutmose II - 1000 BC
Thutmose III - 982 BC
Thutmose IV - 963 BC
Amenhotep II - 949 BC
Yuya - 928 BC
Sculpture of Ashurnasirpal; Eastern identity of Yuya of Egypt.
Rib-addi asks:
Canst thou not rescue me from the hand of Abd-Ashera? All the Habiri are on his side; the princes will hear no remonstrances, but are in alliance with him; thereby is he become mighty.
Tuya - 921 BC
Amenhotep III - 917 BC
(Solomon, Suleiman)
Kiya (Mother of Tut Joshuah) - 902 BC
(Tadukepah, Maryamun)
Kiya - Daughter of Yuya Tushratta, Wife of Akhenaten, Mother of Tutankamun
Tiye - 901 BC
Aye - 897 BC
Amenhotep IV - 893 BC
(Akhenaten, Moses, Musa, Rehoboam, Shammai, Nimmuria)
Tutankhamun - 862 BC
(Joshua)
Boy-King Pharaoh Tutankhum
19th Dynasty - 840 BC to 785 BC
20th Dynasty - 800 BC to 745 BC
21st Dynasty - 770 BC to 715 BC
22nd Dynasty - 760 BC to 705 BC
23rd Dynasty - 755 BC to 710 BC
24th Dynasty - 730 BC to 720 BC
25th Dynasty - 750 BC to 660 BC
26th Dynasty - 664 BC to 525 BC
27th Dynasty - 525 BC to 404 BC
28th Dynasty - 404 to 398 BC
29th Dynasty - 398 BC to 380 BC
30th Dynasty - 380 BC to 342 BC
31st Dynasty - 343 BC to 332 BC
Friday, January 15, 2010
Yuya; Egyptian, Biblical and Mitanni Identities
Photos: Yuya mummy bracketed by Sculptures of Ashurnasirpal.
Many people have asked I why where and how I got the name Yuya, and the short answer is that "Yuya is the Egyptian name of Joseph; the advisor to Pharaoh who wore the coat of many colours" and sometimes I add, "before there was Yusuf or Yosef, there was Yuya in th Eighteenth Dynasty."
Moses has many regional, specialized and alternate identities in the Old Testament, yet it now appears that old Joe may be in there even more places than previously thought. When Ezra entwined the northern Israel stories with the southern Judah tales, he enshrined in the first version of the Torah many regional names and national titles of Joseph, our Yuya who advised three generations of Egyptian Pharaohs.
A month or so back I posted the historical names of Yuya, aka as Joseph in the Old Testament, much of which was based on the pioneering work of Charles Pope and his Historical Identities of Biblical Figures on DomainOfMan.com Website and Forum. I am excited to report that in the past few days I have found significant research identifying the Eastern identies of Yuya by the California Institute for Ancient Studies, including the House of Omri, and these go a long way to explaining why Yuya and Tuya are so predominantly buried in the Valley of the Kings. Another piece of the puzzle concerns Princess Kiya, the beautiful and mysterious Mittani royal daughter who became Favourite Wife of Akhenaten, and quite possibly the mom of Tut, a young Joshua whom Jeshua Aristobulus of the 1st Century was patterned after.
It is definitely possible that some of the names below will turn out to be red herrings, but it is far more likely that the vast majority of them will hold up and that many new names will emerge. The Blessings of Joseph were many and his progeny ruled Egypt and the Middle East for centuries, eventually becoming a dominant line in Europe as well (is it totally coincidence that the Aristocracy descends from the sons, grandsons and relatives of the family of Herod's most renowned grandson, the Man God we have come to remember as Jesus?).
In this post I will try to separate the known names of Yuya Joseph into several categories:
A), Egyptian Names and Titles
B) Biblical Names and Titles
C) Eastern Names and titles
Many of the names overlapped the regions, with only the spellings being different. A Samaritan and a Syrian may pronounce a name very similarly, yet they will have their own variations in spelling. Some of the names may initially be mis-categorized, so I will try to edit and expand this crucial post in the weeks ahead.
Egyptian Names and Titles of Yuya Joseph
Osarseph
Vizier Seph
Master of the Horse
Commander of the Chariotry
Superintendent of Cattle
Overseer of the Cattle of Amun and Min
Lord of Akhmin
Deputy of His Majesty in the Chariotry
Bearer of the Ring of the King of Lower Egypt
Mouth of the King of Upper Egypt
Prophet of Min
King's Lieutenant
The Wise One
Favorite of the Good God
Great Prince
Great of Love
Unique Friend
Beloved of the Lord of the Two Lands
One Made Great by the Lord
He Whom the King Has Made His Double
The Holy Father of the Lord of the Two Lands
Father to Pharaoh
Father of the God
Alternate Egyptian spellings of Yuya:
Iouiya
Yaa
Ya
Yiya
Yayi
Yu
Yuyu
Yaya
Yiay
Yia
Yuy
Biblical Names of Yuya Joseph
King Reuel
Irhuleni of Hamath
Amram
King Omri
Imram
Ben Hadad
Ethbaal
Itto-baal
Note: Compare Asherah, wife of Ethbaal, to Asenath, wife of Biblical Joseph.
Eastern Names and Titles of Yuya Joseph
Ashurnasirpal (Chief Priest of Ashur, Chosen one of Enlil and Ninurta, Favorite of Anu and Dagan; Divine Weapon of the Great)
Tushratta
Dushratta
Bar Hadad
Abdi-Ashirta
Abd-Ashtart
Ghomri
Khumri
Cymry
Tarhundaraba
Kadashman-Enlil, King of Kasse
I am welcoming readers to post interpretations and additions in the Comments section below, and I will appreciate any insight and links provided.
Peace 2 All
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