Sculpture of Ashurnasirpal - Yuya Tushratta Bar Hadad
Ancient Egyptian Dynasties - Revised Chronology
1st Dynasty - Circa 2480 BC to 2290 BC
2nd Dynasty - Circa 2305 BC to 2115 BC
3rd Dynasty - Circa 2130 BC to 2020 BC
4th Dynasty - Circa 2020 BC to 1900 BC
5th Dynasty - Circa 1900 BC to 1740 BC
Sixth Dynasty - 1740 BC to 1620 BC
Seventh Dynasty - 1620 BC to 1590 BC
Eighth Dynasty - 1615 BC to 1580 BC
Ninth Dynasty - 1580 BC to 1495 BC
Tenth Dynasty - 1495 BC to 1420 BC
Eleventh Dynasty - 1420 BC to 1375 BC
12th Dynasty - 1385 BC to 1235 BC
13th Dynasty - 1235 BC to 1175 BC
14th Dynasty - 1190 BC to 1130 BC
15th and 16th (concurrent) Dynasty - c1145 BC to 1065 BC
17th Dynasty - c 1075 BC to c 1020 BC
18th Dynasty - c 1020 BC to 830 BC
19th Dynasty - 840 BC to 785 BC
20th Dynasty - 800 BC to 745 BC
21st Dynasty - 770 BC to 715 BC
22nd Dynasty - 760 BC to 705 BC
23rd Dynasty - 755 BC to 710 BC
24th Dynasty - 730 BC to 720 BC
25th Dynasty - 750 BC to 660 BC
26th Dynasty - 664 BC to 525 BC
27th Dynasty - 525 BC to 404 BC
28th Dynasty - 404 to 398 BC
29th Dynasty - 398 BC to 380 BC
30th Dynasty - 380 BC to 342 BC
31st Dynasty - 343 BC to 332 BC
The 31st Dynasty of Egypt was followed by the rise of Alexander the Great, and is considered the beginning of the Greco-Roman Period, when a series of Ptolemies ruled Egypt.
Below you will find a first attempt (hoping to expand this in coming weeks) at pegging the estimated birthdates of major luminaries within each ancient Dynasty of Egypt. For those new to research on the historical identities of Biblical figures through analysis of Egyptian and Persian royalty, a great place to start would be the pioneering work of Charles Pope on his Domain of Man website. The name associations in brackets are often solid but sometimes preliminary, and the reason that certain names (Joseph, David) repeat in different dynasties is that they are more than a name, they are a designated role, an archetype that the human honoured to receive the name is destined to fulfill.
A great place to find online research into Eastern, Syrian and Mitanni identities of Egyptian and Biblical figures is the SpecialtyInterests.net website of the California Institute for Ancient Studies.
Ancient Egyptian Dynasty Pharaohs and other major figures with their Biblical and Eastern identities in brackets:
1st Dynasty - Circa 2480 BC to 2290 BC
Djer Itit - 2470 BC
(Noah, Utnapishtim)
Semerkhet - 2410 BC
(Shem, Etana)
2nd Dynasty - Circa 2305 BC to 2115 BC
Hotepsekemwy - 2330 BC
(Ham, Lugalbanda)
Seth-Peribsen - 2315 BC
(Japheth / Put)
3rd Dynasty - Circa 2130 BC to 2020 BC
Djoser Netjerykhet - 2105 BC
(Mizraim, Meskiag-gasher, Labasher)
Aha Khaba - 2078 BC
(Cush, Scorpion, Agga, Zukakip)
Imhotep Hemiun - 2039 BC
Ra-Hotep, Joseph, Raamah, Madai, Mashda, Meshede, Ahura-Mazda)
4th Dynasty - Circa 2020 BC to 1900 BC
(Jacob, Sabtah, Tiras, Tizkar)
Khafre (Builder of Khafra) - 1986 BC
(Chephren, Judah, Dan, Ephraim, Ha-danish, Lugal-anda)
Djer Menkhaure (Builder of Menkaure) - 1960 BC
(Mycerinus, Mykerinos, Issachar, Benjamin, Meshech, Manasseh, Mesilim)
The Fourth Dynasty of Egypt is responsible for the construction of the largest of Egypt's 120 pyramids, those found on the Giza Plateau:
5th Dynasty - Circa 1900 BC to 1740 BC
Sahure Neb Khau - b 1921 BC
(Ashur, Ashur, Zerah, Ush, Cush, Ill-Shu, Illyrius)
Neferirkare Kakai - b 1900 BC
(Gad, Perez, Ur-Nanshe, Puzur-Nirah)
Shepsekare Ini - 1886 BC
(Shepsekaf Isi, Ishtar, Muti, Zebulun)
Unas - 1838 BC
Sixth Dynasty - 1740 BC to 1620 BC
Teti - b 1792 BC
(Shem, Akki, Uruk-agina)
- Oho! Oho! Rise up, O Teti!
- Take your head, collect your bones,
- Gather your limbs, shake the earth from your flesh!
- Take your bread that rots not, your beer that sours not,
- Stand at the gates that bar the common people!
- The gatekeeper comes out to you, he grasps your hand,
- Takes you into heaven, to you father Geb.
- He rejoices at your coming, gives you his hands,
- Kisses you, caresses you,
- Sets you before the spirits, the imperishable stars...
- The hidden ones worship you,
- The great ones surround you,
- The watchers wait on you,
- Barley is threshed for you,
- Emmer is reaped for you,
- Your monthly feasts are made with it,
- Your half-month feasts are made with it,
- As ordered done for you by Geb, your father,
- Rise up, O Teti, you shall not die!
From an afterlife prayer to Teti text carved during the early 6th Dynasty into an inner pyramid wall at Saqqara
Pepi Khety Akhtoy - 1765 BC
(Nefer- sa-Hor, Mery-Re, Jacob, Israel, Moses, E-annatum, Igigi)
Merenre Nemtyemzaf - 1762 BC
(Meferkamin Anu, Simon, Simeon, Entemena, Naram-Sin, Inyotef, Joseph)
Pepi II Neferkare - 1726 BC
(Ka-Nefer-Re, Judah, Issachar, Akhtoy II, Khendu, En annatum)
Seventh Dynasty - 1620 BC to 1590 BC
Neferkare Neby - b 1670 BC
Eighth Dynasty - 1615 BC to 1580 BC
NeferKhaure II - b 1635 BC
There was a major global climate catastrophe circa 1628 BC, setting Egyptian and Mesopotamian societies into an era of chaos and uncertainty that lasted for many decades, with the aftershocks requiring more close cooperation between the two dominant civilizations. Irrigation and food storage techniques were developed and shared, and the result was a quicker rebound from the 1159 BC disasters that came centuries later; man hadn't learned much, but something had been achieved...
Ninth Dynasty - 1580 BC to 1495 BC
Tenth Dynasty - 1495 BC to 1420 BC
Eleventh Dynasty - 1420 BC to 1375 BC
Mentuhotep II - b 1446 BC
(Levi, Seth, Joseph)
Inyotef Mentuhotep Sehertawy - b 1432 BC
( Gad, Joseph)
Inyotef Mentuhotep Sankhare Wahankh - b 1417 BC
Inyotef Mentuhotep Nebtawyre - b 1412 BC
(Enetarzi, Etana Shem, Shar-Kali-Sham)
12th Dynasty - 1385 BC to 1235 BC
Amenhemet I - b 1403 BC
(Enosh, Enoch)
Amenhemet III - 1312 BC
13th Dynasty - 1235 BC to 1175 BC
Wegaf - b 1276 BC
(Wegef, Zebulun)
Neferhotep - b 1219 BC
Wahibre Ibiau - b 1198 BC
Merneferre Ay - b 1181 BC
14th Dynasty - circa 1190 BC to 1130 BC
The fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt took the brunt of the global catastrophes brought on by the climate changing disruptions brought on by the 13th Cycle of Venus in 1159 BC, a date bracketed by the Transits of 1155BC and 1163 BC. Although Earth was again in turmoil, much had been learned from the previous calamity 469 years earlier, and the rebound took a few decades rather than a couple of centuries.
15th and 16th (concurrent) Dynasty - c1145 BC to 1065 BC
17th Dynasty - c 1075 BC to c 1020 BC
18th Dynasty - c 1020 BC to 830 BC
Ahmose - 1045 BC
Amenhotep I - 1025 BC
Thutmose I - 1015 BC
Thutmose II - 1000 BC
Thutmose III - 982 BC
Thutmose IV - 963 BC
Amenhotep II - 949 BC
Yuya - 928 BC
Sculpture of Ashurnasirpal; Eastern identity of Yuya of Egypt.
Rib-addi asks:
Canst thou not rescue me from the hand of Abd-Ashera? All the Habiri are on his side; the princes will hear no remonstrances, but are in alliance with him; thereby is he become mighty.
Tuya - 921 BC
Amenhotep III - 917 BC
(Solomon, Suleiman)
Kiya (Mother of Tut Joshuah) - 902 BC
(Tadukepah, Maryamun)
Kiya - Daughter of Yuya Tushratta, Wife of Akhenaten, Mother of Tutankamun
Tiye - 901 BC
Aye - 897 BC
Amenhotep IV - 893 BC
(Akhenaten, Moses, Musa, Rehoboam, Shammai, Nimmuria)
Tutankhamun - 862 BC
(Joshua)
Boy-King Pharaoh Tutankhum
19th Dynasty - 840 BC to 785 BC
20th Dynasty - 800 BC to 745 BC
21st Dynasty - 770 BC to 715 BC
22nd Dynasty - 760 BC to 705 BC
23rd Dynasty - 755 BC to 710 BC
24th Dynasty - 730 BC to 720 BC
25th Dynasty - 750 BC to 660 BC
26th Dynasty - 664 BC to 525 BC
27th Dynasty - 525 BC to 404 BC
28th Dynasty - 404 to 398 BC
29th Dynasty - 398 BC to 380 BC
30th Dynasty - 380 BC to 342 BC
31st Dynasty - 343 BC to 332 BC
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